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Mate (, ; sometimes hypercorrected as maté in English, but never in Spanish or Portuguese),〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=mate - beverage )〕 also known as ''yerba mate, chimarrão'' () or ''cimarrón'' (), is a traditional South American caffeine-rich infused drink, particularly in Argentina (where it is defined by law as the "national infusion"), Uruguay, Paraguay, the Bolivian Chaco and Southern Brazil, and in southern Chile. It is also consumed by the Druze in Syria, the largest importer in the world, and in Lebanon.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=South American 'mate' tea a long-time Lebanese hit )〕 It is prepared by steeping dried leaves of yerba mate (''Ilex paraguariensis'', known in Portuguese as ''erva-mate'') in hot water and is served with a metal straw from a shared hollow calabash gourd. The straw is called a ''bombilla'' in Spanish, a ''bomba'' in Portuguese, and a ''bombija'' or, more generally, a ''masassa'' (type of straw) in Arabic. The straw is traditionally made of silver. Modern, commercially available straws are typically made of nickel silver, called ''alpaca''; stainless steel, or hollow-stemmed cane. The gourd is known as a ''mate'' or a ''guampa''; while in Brazil, it has the specific name of ''cuia'', or also ''cabaça'' (the name for Indigenous-influenced calabash gourds in other regions of Brazil, still used for general food and drink in remote regions). Even if the water is supplied from a modern thermos, the infusion is traditionally drunk from ''mates'' or ''cuias''. Yerba mate leaves are dried, chopped, and ground into a powdery mixture called ''yerba''. The ''bombilla'' acts as both a straw and a sieve. The submerged end is flared, with small holes or slots that allow the brewed liquid in, but block the chunky matter that makes up much of the mixture. A modern ''bombilla'' design uses a straight tube with holes, or a spring sleeve to act as a sieve. "Tea-bag" type infusions of mate (Spanish: ''mate cocido'', Portuguese: ''chá mate'') have been on the market in Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay for many years under such trade names as "Taragüi" in Argentina, "Pajarito" and "Kurupí" in Paraguay, and Matte Leão in Brazil. == Name == Both the spellings "mate" and "maté" are used in English.〔''Webster's Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged'', 2002, shows the main entry for the word as ma·té ''or'' ma·te. The explanatory material for main entries on page 14a, headed 1.71, says "When a main entry is followed by the word ''or'' and another spelling or form, the two spellings or forms are equal variants. Their order is usually alphabetical, and the first is no more to be preferred than the second..."〕〔''The New Oxford American Dictionary''〕〔''The Oxford English Dictionary''〕 An acute accent in Spanish indicates the stressed syllable in a word; an accent on the "e" sometimes seen in English is a hypercorrection used to indicate that the word and its pronunciation are distinct from the English word "mate". As the Yerba Mate Association of the Americas points out, with the accent the word "maté" in Spanish means "I killed".〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=mate - beverage )〕 In Brazil, traditionally prepared mate is known as ''chimarrão'', although the word ''mate'' and the expression "''mate amargo''" (bitter mate) are also used in Argentina and Uruguay. The Spanish ''cimarrón'' means "rough", "brute", or "barbarian", but is most widely understood to mean "feral", and is used in almost all of Latin America for domesticated animals that have become wild. The word was then used by the people who colonized the region of the Río de la Plata to describe the natives' rough and sour drink, drunk with no other ingredient to soften the taste. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mate (beverage)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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